Competition Between Companies

For years many companies have struggled to be and to remain the best. To do this they had to go through advertising their products; televisions, radio, internet and sports. This is called competition; the main purpose for this is mainly to attract customers. These procedures can benefit but also be harmful towards the company. Thus brings the main concern of this essay which shall discus both sides of this situation opposing and supporting it. Firstly, brand quality of products sometimes does not matter to consumers; just as long as it is affordable.For instance there are many varieties of brands such as Nike, Adidas, Coca cola and so forth. Yet commercials show all these products and companies do not realize that the price of the product gets higher as the cost of advertising contributes to the products cost thus making it expensive. This leads consumers shopping elsewhere for instance, MARANELLO – Manufacturers of super sports cars have just announced a host of new models, b ut many of them may not reach the showrooms, as the global financial crisis hits a customer segment previously immune to economic downturns. Haupt, 2009: 1) This statement proves that consumers prefer cheaper products than fancy cars as it is too expensive. Furthermore on flexibility; Flexibility means the company’s â€Å"ability to respond to changes† (Stevenson, 2007: 38). These can be seasonal changes; winter, summer or maybe economical changes. Nevertheless they also contribute to the company’s competitiveness thus leads sometimes to price wars. Take for example; Adverse weather conditions could reduce the demand for our products.The sales of our products are influenced to some extent by weather conditions in the markets in which we operate Unusually cold or rainy weather during the summer months may have a temporary effect on the demand for our Products and contribute to lower sales, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations for such p eriods. (Coca cola company, 2009: 6) This explains that during competition companies are very flexible thus should be alert and find ways to be the best thus sometimes lowering the products cost by forty percent as to keep up with the market.This incident shows that companies such as coca cola are overdoing it thus facing a major lose. Moreover on location, during competition companies look for a marketable location. From here they start of by looking at the customer’s convenience; like closest to shop thus less travel expense for consumer. However they don’t look at the side as when location of company is way crowded other customers will shop elsewhere due to less space to park cars and so forth. Furthermore other companies go to famous foreign countries or new location as their products are in demand over there.Yet as foreign companies they must find ways to introduce their production thus using advertisement again. In the end either companies, will lose a lot of pro fit. This same case happened to Toyota according in his writing of Ford outsells GM, Toyota in February sales, J. Ewing (2010: 1) claims that while Toyota and Honda where busy competing in America, another company called Ford which is originally an American car business took over by most recently, during the summer last year 2009. Thus, leaving Toyota to report a record annual net loss of 4. billion, this misfortune of Toyota’s occurred as it did not realize that it was consuming too many expenses hence; contributing to another disadvantage for companies when they compete. However these are true yet if considering another side to this argument, these may show the disadvantages of competition, but the advantages outweighs it as competition actually promotes the brand quality, flexibility and locations. In addition to Brand quality, consumers always buy the best as they believe it is worth the expense as it last for a very long time.Yet how do the consumer know which brand is t he best; simply as companies compete they broadcast the latest shoes, bikes, food and so forth. From here consumers try and differentiate one company after another due to the quality of its product. Take for example Article base (2007) states that Honda and Toyota knows America wants fuel-efficient vehicles. This case made the two companies work hard thus producing a vehicle that gets more and more mile per gallon. It is very expensive but a lot of people are waiting in line to get this product.This example shows that consumers go for the best brand quality no matter what. Another point is Flexibility; companies know that season changes thus consumer’s demands also changes. Therefore Coca cola and Pepsi two competing companies produce besides soft drinks, water, ice tea etc. This was to resolve the problem they faced during seasonal change that their soft drinks coca cola or Pepsi sales decreased; from this solution they remarkably still continued selling and earning profit a s they produced other products which will be essential during that particular season.This is also the advantage of flexibility and competition to a company. Finally is the location, Companies compete for the best location as it ensures the flow of profits, by one; marketable areas such as America are good places to locate business Thus most famous companies are located there for instance Toyota number one and holding fifteen percent of Americans sales. Honda, Nike and Adidas all these companies also go to a marketable location thus becoming the most famous companies in the world.Therefore the competition expenses for good spots to place business is worth it, as it will eventually repay the companies ten times the amount of money it has spent, just like Honda and Toyota which are now leading the world car manufacturing business. In conclusion the advantages of competition between companies when marketing products seems to be much favourable than the disadvantages hence, the practice should continue or be more creative with their competition strategies as the more competitive they are the more flow of profits there will be.

Computional Fluid Dynamics Through a Pipe

Table of Contents INTRODUCTION3 Method:3 Part 23 Part 33 Part 44 Part 54 RESULTS4 Part 14 Part 26 Part 36 Part 46 Part 5:6 DISCUSSION7 CONCLUSION7 REFERENCES7 INTRODUCTION The main objective of this assignment is to simulate a 3-D air flow in a pipe using Ansys CFX. The pipe was simulated under specific conditions. These conditions are air temperature to be 25? C (degrees Celsius), one atmospheric reference pressure, no heat transfer and laminar flow. The results from the simulation of laminar flow in the pipe were compared with the theoretical ones.Also the mesh was refined in the simulation to see if it is possible to get more accurate results using grid convergence analysis. Method: The pipe used in the simulation has dimensions of a 0. 5m axial length and a radial diameter of 12mm. The air entering the pipe, inlet velocity, is set to 0. 4 m/s at a temperature of 25? C and one atmospheric pressure. No slip condition was set on the pipe walls. The outlet of pipe was set to zero gau ge average static pressure. In CFX a mesh was formed on the pipe with a default mesh spacing (element size) of 2mm.Figure (1) and (2) shows the setup of the model before simulation was preformed Figure 1: Mesh without Inflation Figure 1: Mesh without Inflation Figure 2: Mesh with Inflation Part 2 Calculating the pressure drop ? p=fLD? Ub22Equation (1) Calculating Reynolds number Re=UbD/? Equation (2) Friction Factorf=64/ReEquation (3) The results were calculated using excel, and plotted in Figure (3). Part 3 Estimating the entrance pipe length Le: Le/D=0. 06ReEquation (4) Having Re=UbD/? Equation (3) The simulated results of velocity vs. axial length were plotted in Figure (5).From the graph the Le (entrance pipe length) was determined by estimating the point in the x-axis where the curve is straight horizontal line. Part 4 Comparison of the radial distribution of the axial velocity in the fully developed region in the simulated model against the following analytical equation: UUmax = 1-rr02 Equation (5) The results were calculated using excel, and plotted in Figure (4). Part 5 The simulation was performed three times, each time with a different grid setting. The numbers of nodes were 121156,215875 and 312647 for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd simulation.RESULTS Part 1 Figure 3: Pressure Distribution vs. Axial Length Figure 3: Pressure Distribution vs. Axial Length Figure 4: Axial Velocity vs. Radial Diameter Figure 5: Velocity vs. Axial Distance Part 2 Having: Dynamic viscosity ? = 1. 835Ãâ€"10-5 kg/ms and Density ? = 1. 184 kg/m3 Reynolds Number Re=UbD? == 261. 58 Friction Factorf=64Re== 0. 244667 ?p=0. 965691 Pa From the simulation the pressure estimated at the inlet is ? p=0. 96562 Pa (0. 95295-0. 965691)/0. 965691*100 = 1. 080 % Part 3 Having Re=UbD? =261. 58 The entrance pipe length Le: Le=0. 06Re*D = 0. 188 mFrom the graph in Figure (3) the Le is estimated to be ~ 0. 166667 ((0. 166667-0. 188)/0. 188)*100 = 11. 73% Part 4 From the graph in Figure 2 the theoretic al velocity at the center of the pipe is estimated to be 0. 8 m/s. From the simulation the velocity at the center of the pipe is estimated to be 0. 660406 m/s. ((0. 688179-0. 8)/0. 8)*100= 13. 98% Part 5: Table 1: Percentage Error for Each Simulation Number of Nodes| Axial Velocity % error (%)| Pressure % error (%) | 120000 Simulated I| 13. 98| 1. 31| 215000 Simulated II| 12. 42| 2. 24| 312000 Simulated III| 12. 38| 2. 28|Figure 6: Percentage Error vs. Number of Nodes Figure 6: Percentage Error vs. Number of Nodes The percentage error for the axial velocity results from the 1st, 2nd and 3rd simulation were calculated and plotted in Figure (6), as well as the pressure result along the pipe. Table (1) shows the axial velocity and pressure percentage error for each simulation. DISCUSSION After the simulation was successfully done on Ansys CFX and the simulated results were compared with theoretical results, it was found that the simulated results have slight deviation from theoretical ones. In PART 2, he pressure in the simulated result differed by the theoretical by a 1. 080%, for 1st simulation. In PART 3, the simulated results for entrance pipe length, Le, differed from the theoretical results by 11. 73%. In PART 4, Figure (4), the simulated velocity curve is less accurate than that of the theoretical. In PART 5, meshing refinements and inflation were done to the simulation in order to getting better results. Figures (6) show with more nodes and inflation the accuracy of the results increases. Increasing the nodes gradually was found to be an advantage where higher or more accurate results were obtained.This is noted in grid convergence graph, Figure (6), as the number of nodes increase the pressure percentage error is converging to 2% while for velocity percentage error is converging to 12%. On the other hand, the percentage error increased with the increase of the number of nodes while the velocity error decreased with the increase of number of nodes. In Par t 2 the percentage error for pressure drop is 1. 080%, for 1st simulation. But when trying to increase the accuracy of the simulated velocity result by refining the meshing and adding nodes the pressure drop percentage error increases, as shown in figure (6).This is due to that Darcy-Weisbach equation, equation (1), assumes constant developed flow all along the pipe where in the simulated results the flow is observed to become developed father down the pipe from the inlet. This is assumed to change the pressure distribution along the pipe. CONCLUSION More nodes used in meshing will produce more accurate and precise results, as shown in Figure (6). Also the meshing plays a vital rule on the sensitivity of results in terms of the accuracy of these results. REFERENCES [1]Fluid Mechanics Frank M. White Sixth edition. 2006

Interpreting Financial Results Essay

Target’s mission is for their customer to except the most out of them and to pay less for their products. They plan to achieve this by delivering outstanding values, continuous innovation and exceptional guest experiences. As I have research and interpret Target’s Financial Results, I was able to identify some trends they have experiences within the last three years. When it comes to Targets Liquidity Ratio, the pattern shows that from 2011 to 2013 they start up went down and slowly went back up. As for their Efficiency Ratio the trend identifies that from 2011 to 2013 they were still starting high then dropping low and slowly coming back up. Now when it comes to the Leverage Ratio Targets has continuous increase for 2011 to 2013 with just a little decrease in some areas and this also goes for the Profitability Ratio, Market Value Indicator soon. I also had the opportunity to compare the financial results of Target with their benchmarking company Walmart. Once I review Walmart’s financial results, I saw some of the same trends target had. I also notice that Walmart has a lot more revenue being generated then what Target does. I have attached a financial ratio sheet which will also confirm and identify the trends of both Target and Walmart.

Racism in Disney Movies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Racism in Disney Movies - Research Paper Example ed lyrics are vastly clear as they depict the oriental society as crude and completely barbaric by citing erroneous and negative accounts of their culture. Although, the song has now been revised for its offensive lyrics, but the fact that it was there to begin with clearly shows the bad stereotypes and how it was propagated in earlier versions of the film. (Bernstein & Studlar, 1997, p. 17) This deconstruction of oriental culture within western cinema was first brought to notice by Edward Said’s (1978) theory of ‘Orientalism’, according to which Orientals were portrayed as crude and savages in the media to promote the superiority of western ideology. The racist portrayal was not only restricted to the Middle East, but the general depiction of the minorities was indeed quite warped. For instance, in Pocahontas, the story has been turned into a heartwarming romance between an Indian girl and an Englishman, with the story ending on a heartwarmingly happier note, wit h both ethnicities finally living in harmony. On the other hand, the real events were not as delightful as the one shown in the movie, which clearly represents how misguiding these movies are for the children. In the end, the Indian servant and Pocahontas’ union with her white lover clearly shows the west’s perceived superiority, which is blatantly and colorfully projected on to the big screens for the young children. In reality, the Native Indians were systematically wiped out to help the white faction gain the upper hand over the region; a painful historical fact that was skillfully masked in the film. Furthermore, in several instances the Native Indians are openly referred to as savages, which is further detrimental in establishing an image for the child. Even in Peter Pan, the Native Indians are... As a matter of fact, the obsession with the notion of ‘happily ever after’ is not only contained within the west, but all over the world young girls and boys are ardent fans of Disney motion pictures. Although, parents may not find anything bothersome regarding the content that they are feeding their children through the movies, but analysts have discovered a number of nefarious undertones within the innocent storylines of their movies. Although, Disney has tried their best to remove all the aforementioned racist lyrics but the fact that they are still present on previous copies of the movies continues to make it alarming for parents. Even though, some parents have deemed the presence of these racist elements as completely unimportant, but it is an undeniable fact that children are highly impressionable and thus are greatly influenced by the things they see on television. Disney movies may cause them to establish erroneous pre-conceived notions about people who seem to possess the traits that are present in all the unfavorable cartoon characters. They may hear a black man speaking and immediately make the association that they are lazy and idle like the crows in Dumbo and even believe that all Native Indians are crude and have bad grammar. These pre-conceived notions will only make it difficult for them to associate or identify themselves with other races on a human level. Therefore, it is not healthy for parents to continually expose their child to such content as it narrows down the child’s horizon and he continues to view foreignness in a negative light and children belonging to minority groups may grow up to view western values and cultures as completely superior to their own.

The business and financial performance of J Sainsbury plc over the Essay

The business and financial performance of J Sainsbury plc over the last three year period - Essay Example fulness, this paper carried out an empirical study where it compared the firm’s stock prices with those of its rivals as well as its own financial position over a span of three years and actually found that such ground of concern of the financial managers is not baseless and that the firm’s position indeed has been deteriorating over the years. J Sainsbury Plc had historically been one of the leading grocery retail chains in the UK. It was founded by John James and Mary Ann Sainsbury in 1869 at Drury Lane, one of the poorest localities in London with just one shop in the beginning, which soon became popular amongst the locals because of the high-quality product they sold at affordable prices. Their popularity among the people helped them gather the funds needed to expand their business and eventually led them to build a chain of about 800 stores throughout the economy that today includes a chain of more than 500 super-markets and about 300 convenience stores built under the brand name Sainsbury. Although their journey started with just a retail store in a small part of London, very soon they started producing their own brand of products – the first among them was bacon which they started producing in their own smoking ovens in 1882. Gradually, Sainsbury, what was a mere firm, started producing and supplying a variety of other types of commodities that today amounts to more than 30,000 products comprising of both food and non-food items; and introduced a variety of services like self-help at the counters meant to avoid the rush and thus ease the efforts of their customers. The company also showed benevolence towards its employees when they began publishing regular store magazines for the counselling of their employees. The versatility of the firm soon became prominent when it showed its concern to the society during the world wars when it adopted some innovative measures for its betterment, which proved its consciousness over the issue. During the world

Changes in the United States after the Civil War Research Paper - 1

Changes in the United States after the Civil War - Research Paper Example The economic and social differences between the southern and northern parts of the country also contributed to the war, as the latter region was characterized by industrialization and urbanization while the former was an agrarian economy. The industrialized northern part had an advantage over the other and, thus, they won the war. The country’s rights were limited as the federal government enjoyed more power and this induced a protest against the federal government, therefore, causing the Civil War. They believed that Lincoln was anti-slavery and in favor of Northern interests. Before Lincoln was even president, seven states had seceded from the Union: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas†. The economic changes succeeding any war are found to be negative as the destruction caused by the war pull back the economic condition of a country since a huge amount of cost is involved. â€Å"The struggle to define the composition of â€Å" the people† and the republic in the new postwar and post-emancipation South was hardly settled by the American Civil War. But there was no going back. It was not just that slavery was abolished and the Confederacy destroyed, but that the slaveholders’ stunning experiment in proslavery and antidemocratic nation building was over†.Devastating economic changes were visible in both regions, but the southern part witnessed more destruction comparatively.  Mostly all the plantations in the southern region were destroyed in the war.  

Paradox of Thrift Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Paradox of Thrift - Assignment Example This scenario contradicts the individual or household-based argument that saving is good for the economy. In the United States, the Personal Savings Rate (PSR) over the last decade has been increasing and decreasing from time to time depending on the personal savings levels in the economy. The U.S PSR was recorded at 3.40% in December 2011, 5.50% in January 2011, 4.90% in December 2010, 4.50% in December 2009, and 5.70% in December 2008 among others (Yates & Hunter, 2011). This trend can be associated with the performance of the U.S economy at different times of every single year. The spending and saving of a typical American household is guided by the economic potential of the household. This can be held collectively for the entire economy, where the population spends within its financial limits. By observing the PSR trend over the last decade, it is seen that both spending and saving in the economy fluctuate from time to time. Increase in savings directly lowers spending in the economy, and vice versa. Too much savings in the economy lowers total consumption. A typical American household spends more than it saves, but summing up increased savings in the economy can result in the paradox of

Statistical Analysis study of Data Collection Essay

Statistical Analysis study of Data Collection - Essay Example Job satisfaction is an essential component that determines the productivity and retention of performing employees. The last, extrinsic satisfaction is based upon the surveyed employees’ response to the survey as regards their working environment and workplace. These responses have been analyzed in this paper. This is an important aspect of ensuring that the organization provides a good workplace and an atmosphere where the employee is motivated to perform at his best. Or, negatively speaking, there are very few distractions and the workers are able to concentrate on delivering their best. The population size of the Human Resources department is very small and is therefore not considered for the purpose of this paper. The administration department, being a staff function, operates in a different atmosphere, Information Technology (IT), the line function of this organization, is selected for detailed analysis. The IT department has a total of 100 employees of which 29 are male. The satisfaction levels in this department, based on extrinsic factors, are further studied by calculating the statistical central tendencies for extrinsic satisfaction. The measures adopted are: The above are calculated for all the employees first and then for female and male employees separately. All data is calculated on a scale of 1 to 7 where 1 represents very poor and 7 as very good. The results are presented below: Analysis of the data above throws important light on some of the aspects of the management and environment of the IT department. All employees rate their satisfaction with the working environment on an average of 4.50-4.60, with the female employees giving a slightly higher rating. It is the deviation that shows that while the male employees are more coherent in their opinion, the females differ more widely as to how they perceive the situation. This is also

Cross-border Mobility and Immobility Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cross-border Mobility and Immobility - Article Example Some views also opine for the debarring of the worker flow from the foreign states which enhances the competition. The second domain circumscribes the progress from different countries like sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East infiltrating into the European culture and the views are against the mobility particularly from the Islamic countries although the nature of variation changes from country to country. Both the domain of discussion targets at the restriction mechanism of migration. However the discussion generates the significance of the regulation of immigration. An emergence of the cross border immobility is taken as the starting phase and it has been found that people remains immobile with respect to certain destinations and the preference of destinations among the people play a significant part in the mobility (Velde & Naerssen, 2000, pp. 218-219). Argument The argument stands on the premises of examining whether the borders generates incentives for the migrants to relocat e. In other words, the argument presupposes on the decision making aspects of the people in the migration procedure in association with the prime parameter being the border in this case (Velde & Naerssen, 2000, p. 219). Structure of the paper The decision making process of cross border mobility of the migrants incorporates into it the very notion of underlying uncertainty, instability as well as the precariousness affecting their mobility behavior. In order to examine the basis of the argument three components distinguishing the international migration are explained with respect to the argument in question and that is people, borders and trajectories. The people usually decide in crossing the borders or not and this specific endeavor they can remain mobile or immobile internationally. This nature depends on the various geographical borders they take into considerations. The people are also in the following specific routes for the movement from one place to the other and hence crossi ng the national borders (Velde & Naerssen, 2000, p. 219). Literatures In 1880s, Ravenstein revealed that the study of the actual and the potential migration reduces the migrants into infinitesimally small identities within the demand supply framework of the labor market. He also inferred that the wage differentials and the distance are the key variables in determining the migration decisions which later generated in the form of the famous push and pull framework. Some other theorist states that the notion of rationality does not always play in the migration decisions as in many cases it has been encountered that the migrants are guided by the asymmetric information. The concept of human capital which links the long run investment decisions also affects the migration decisions of the migrants. The transaction cost approach states that the people calculate the costs like opportunity costs, costs of adjustment to different cultures, adaptation to legal structures and so on and so forth . Stark (1982) changed the focus of the migration from the individual to the mutual dependence among the households, families and communities. Immobility is a fact which involves only a minority of

The Asda Effect Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Asda Effect - Assignment Example Everything changed all of a sudden as Asda found itself with demoralized employees, slow growth in sales, and declining profits in 1991. It had been a 1 billion pounds cash surplus supermarket chain in 1987, and by 1991 it had a debt of over 1 billion pounds. That was precisely the state of affairs at Asda when Archie Norman entered into the scene as Chief Executive Officer (CEO).The main reasons of the problems that Asda and Archie Norman had to face were due to complex organizational inefficiencies that they had to solve as soon as possible, right away, in order to survive, and at the same time, Asda had to become an efficient organization once again.  Ã‚   Among the different reasons behind Asda’s failures by mid-1991 were the following:   Asda as an organization with its own culture had become a bureaucratic and hierarchical institution beginning in the 1980s.   As a direct result of this rigid functioning structure in the company, any kind of innovation was stopped from being encouraged or implemented.   Without any innovation, Asda was unable to keep its competitive advantages in the retail market in the United Kingdom.   (Weber and Beer, 1998a:   p. 6).   So Asda and Archie Norman had to face the challenge of transforming the superstore in relation to its management style of doing things as well as implementing a sense of culture based on the core values of Asda.   Management and leadership had to change significantly in order to create a new productive and efficient organization.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Chinas arms export to the developing countries in Asia Essay

Chinas arms export to the developing countries in Asia - Essay Example In the context of the sudden increase in China’s arm exports in the last decade, two things are worth mentioning. First, the increase is primarily due to a sudden rise in volume of arms purchased by Pakistan in the last few years, wherein it accounts for more than 50 % of arms exported by China in the last five years (Holtom, Bromley, Wezeman and Wezeman, 2013). China has exported combat aircrafts in large numbers to Pakistan, while there are pending orders for frigates and submarines. Besides Pakistan, some of the recent arms deals with other countries, such as Venezuela, Morocco and Algeria, show that China is rapidly turning into a powerful arms dealer (Klare, 2013). Second, currently many research papers have focused on China’s development of advanced weapon technologies; however, these advanced forms of arms are not successful as the traditional ones within the global market. This is primarily because main importers of Chinese arms are the countries that aim at buy ing cheaper and less advanced weapons, even though China may have more advanced systems in offer. As for example, reports show that China exports more of F-7.2, which are technologically less advanced than the J-10 and J-11 models of fighter planes (Holtom, Bromley, Wezeman and Wezeman, 2013). Therefore, it is evident that while China gained significance as a global player within the arms export market, its buyers are mainly from the developing nations. Between 2006 and 2009, (Grimmett, 2011).

The Value of Strategy to Local Authorities in Kenya Essay Example for Free

The Value of Strategy to Local Authorities in Kenya Essay Central and provincial governments have progressively realized that effective service delivery to the community is best delegated to local government. This decentralization trend has obliged local governments to enhance their professionalism and performance. Yet, in many developing countries, the weakness of local governments is a key challenge in managing development processes. Many local government authorities in Kenya now go beyond one year budgeting and capital expenditure planning for longer-term results focused strategies. To achieve this focus they use robust strategic and operational planning processes. These strategic processes have had the benefit of allowing local authorities to have linkages to national planning, accommodate the need to respond to local priorities, and ensure accountability to their communities. Examination of some local government processes provides insights on results-based management in action at a local level and on how a results focus can transform performance. Strategic planning – as a framework for action – is one of the significant tools that has enabled local authorities in Kenya to cope with far-reaching responsibilities geared to promote development. Strategic planning requires the integration of professional knowledge and capacities, and the creation of organizational platforms. This enables local governments to promote the best practices and manage the development process through harnessing local resources, assets and opportunities to achieve strategic goals. In the mid 1980s, as an example, a model was successfully established in Israel to assist local authorities – the Municipal Strategic Planning Unit (MSPU). Kisumu was selected to implement the MSPU pilot project due to its development potential and given the fact that the promotion of the city is a priority of the Government of Kenya and significant development partners. Units based on this model were designed to lead and promote strategic planning processes, identify and create assets and opportunities for development, and improve the work of local authorities. This implementation was done with great success in Kisumu.

Noun Formation: English And Vietnamese

Noun Formation: English And Vietnamese As we all know, word are the most important unit in one language. We use words everyday, in many various fields of life: from work to studying, form informal situation to formal situation. From word, we can create phrases, sentences to communication with each other under many forms. Amongst words, noun is a rather crucial part. Nouns have several functions in sentences. They can be the subject, an object, an appositive, or a complement (Rakoczy). Therefore, noun-formation can be recognized as the sub process of word-formation, and it will share some same characteristic of word formation. My essay is aimed at identifying, analyzing and contrasting the noun formation between English and Vietnamese to magnify the similarities and differences. Based on this paper, I hope to help my readers clear about noun formation and help the educators have a universal perspective of the unavoidable errors of learning process in both Vietnamese and English learners. NOUN-FORMATION IN ENGLISH Because noun-formation is the sub-process of word-formation, it also follows the same morphological rules of word-formation. Nouns are formed by morphemes as well. According to the classification, we have compounding, affixation or derivation, and conversion. More specifically: Affixation or derivation, forms nouns with affixes. Compounding is the combination of two or more morphemes. Conversion, also called zero derivation, is the creation of a word from an existing word without any change in form (Conversion, 2001). For example, word shifts from verb to noun without change of its morphemes. There is other noun-formation such as reduplication, clipping, blending, acronyms, and borrowing. Reduplication is repeating an item with a change in the beginning consonant or change in the middle vowel. Clipping is a process which consists in the reduction of a word to one of its parts (Marchand:1969). Clipping is also known as truncation or shortening. (Clipping, 2001), without changing its meaning. Blending is combining of shortened of two or more morphemes to form a new word. On the other hand, acronyms are nouns using the initial letters in words, phrases, or proper names. Last is borrowing, which actually has two types: using the exact word from another the language and translating it literally, we often called the second type calque or loan translation. NOUN FORMATION IN VIETNAMESE Similar to English, noun in Vietnamese was also formed by morphemes. However, the noun-formation from affixation does not appear in Vietnamese as it is in English. The free morpheme and bound morpheme in Vietnamese are defined differently. More particularly, the bound morpheme in Vietnamese can be used as a separate word. In English, when the bound morpheme stands alone, it doesnt make a full word. In Vietnamese, noun was formed by combining two free morphemes, two bound morphemes, or one bound morpheme and one free morpheme. As a result, noun is formed by compounding, conversion together with other methods such as reduplication, clipping, acronyms, and borrowing. Moreover, because of the long-term domination of the Chineses dynasties and French colonist, the vocabularies which Vietnamese borrowed from Chinese and French are numerous and various. CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE 1. Affixation (Derivation) In this part, I will discuss the affixation in English. The affixes involve prefixes and suffixes. For example, from the adjective literal, we only need to add the suffixes -cy to form the noun literacy. Together with the suffixes, the prefixes also contribute to the noun formation. When we offer a new add-on il-, we immediately have a new noun illiteracy which has the opposite meaning to the noun literacy. Consequently, the prefix of noun can change the meaning of the origin, but it still maintains the word class. The suffix, on the other hand, when be attached to the base, it can transform a verb to a noun or other word class. Some typical suffixes for noun are: -ant, -er, -or, -mentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. In addition, prefixes and suffixes contain some given meanings which were displayed below: Prefixes Meaning Suffixes Meaning Anti- Against -tude state of Mis- wrong, astray -ist dealer, doer Post- After -ism doctrine, belief Dis- not, opposite of -ity state of being Inter- between, among -cy state of being De- get rid of -eer, -er, -or person who 2. Compound nouns In English, except some single words are noun themselves, noun can be formed by many methods, such as some in table Compound patterns Examples Noun + Noun bloodstream, seashore, cupboard Adjective + Noun hardboard, blueberry, softball Verb + Noun swimming pool, washing machine Preposition + Noun inbox, outbox, overcoat Verb + Verb make-work, drop-kick Verb + Preposition breakaway, hideout, takeaway Phrases Compound stock-in-trade, mother-in-law Special Compound tetragon, archeology According to the table, there are many patterns to form a noun. However, we can classify all the patterns into 3 categories: The solid or closed form: two words were combined as one word. Ex: timetable, blackboard. The hyphenated form: two words are connected by a hyphen. Ex: son-in-law, stitch-up. The open or spaced form: the word consists of two longer words, and often written separately. Ex: high court, slow motion. Meanwhile, in Vietnamese we have the coordinated compound noun and the principal-and-accessory compound noun, which were also known in Vietnamese are tà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ « ghà ©p Ä‘Ã ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ³ng là ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ­p and tà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ « ghà ©p chà ­nh phà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¥. The coordinated compound noun is the noun was built from two components with equal meaning, for example: chà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ £ bà ºa, quà ¡Ã‚ ºn à ¡oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. The coordinated compound noun often expresses the general and synthetic meaning which was one main point that makes it different from the principal-and accessory compound noun. The principal-and accessory compound noun is the noun that involves two components, in which one component depends on the other. The secondary component will classify the main component. For instance: we have the first component is Ä‘Æ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ng, which means the way to go, and the second one is sà ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¯t, a kind of metal that made this kind of way. When we combine those two components, we will have the new noun: Ä‘Æ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ng sà ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¯t, which actually means railway in order to distinguish with Ä‘Æ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ng khà ´ng, Ä‘Æ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ng thà ¡Ã‚ »y, Ä‘Æ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ng bà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 3. Conversion The conversion is a very interesting process of forming new word. It occurs in both English and Vietnamese. Without changing its forms, we can change the meaning of the word, even the word class (but I dont talk about word class-change because this essay is focused on the noun formation, not the word formation) more specifically, lets examine these two examples: Ex 1: Firstly, in English, with the word stop in 2 sentences It is time to put a stop to the violence. I get off at the next stop. In the first one, stop means the act of stopping the violence, but in the second sentence, stop actually means a place where a bus or train stops regularly for passengers to get on or off. Clearly, the form of the noun stop doesnt change. Ex 2: In Vietnamese, take the word phà ¡Ã‚ »Ã… ¸ as example Mà ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¹ tà ´i nà ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¥u phà ¡Ã‚ »Ã… ¸ rà ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¥t ngon. Khà ¡ nhià ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ u ngÆ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ i Ä‘Ã  n à ´ng hià ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡n nay cà ³ tÆ ° tÆ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã… ¸ng chà ¡n cÆ ¡m thà ¨m phà ¡Ã‚ »Ã… ¸. phà ¡Ã‚ »Ã… ¸ in the first sentence is a Vietnamese dish, but the second sentence connotes the meaning of something new, especially another women, not their wives. Thus, English and Vietnamese resemble each other on this process of forming new nouns. Being used under many various circumstances, the word itself generates many different metaphorical meanings. 4. Other formation a. Reduplication Both English and Vietnamese have reduplication. However, reduplication only seizes a small number of nouns in English. Vietnamese reduplication has two types: repeating the whole word (ba ba, chà ¢u chà ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¥u, cà  o cà  oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) and repeating some components of the word. Moreover, we dont find many Vietnamese nouns which belong to the second types. The maximum length of Vietnamese reduplicative words is no more than four, and the minimum length is two. Most of the reduplicative words are two-word length. Some of reduplicative English words are: ping pong, flip flop, tick-tockà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. b. Clipping According to VÃ…Â © Ä Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ©c Nghià ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡u, Vietnamese only considers this process as temporary form or the spoken form of word. By definition, it doesnt happen with every word (Nghià ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡u 2007). bÆ °Ãƒâ€ Ã‚ ¡m bÆ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ºm Æ’Â   bÆ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ºm ki-là ´-gam Æ’Â   kà ­ là ´ Ä Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ £ng cà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â€ž ¢ng sà ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ £n Vià ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡t Nam Æ’Â   Ä Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ £ng Whereas, English have lots of words was formed by clipping such as: photo from photograph, rhino from rhinocerosà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ c. Acronym By using the initial letters of a phrase as one word, acronym has produced a massive number a word. Because those words were created by acronym are more memorable than the phrases, many people like this type of noun-formation, especially in names of some organizations. In English, we have AIDS, radarà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. In Vietnamese, we also have some acronymic words such as TW from trung Æ °Ãƒâ€ Ã‚ ¡ng, CLB for cà ¢u là ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¡c bà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â€ž ¢. d. Blending Blends deal with the action of abridging and then combining various lexemes to form a new word . This process combines shortened of two or more morphemes to form a word. For instance, brunch is the combination of breakfast and lunch, motel is the combination of motor and hotel. This is one special feature of English which doesnt exist in Vietnamese at all. e. Borrowing English and Vietnamese borrowed a vast number of words. In Vietnamese, because of the Chinese and French domination, the borrowed vocabularies are mainly from those two countries. It was divided into two layers: Chinese origin and Indo-European origin. Some examples should be taken into account are described in the tables below Vietnamese French xà   phà ²ng Savon pà ª-Ä‘an pà ©dale mà ¹i xoa mouchoir Vietnamese Chinese Ä‘Ã ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â€ž ¢c già ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ £ à ¨Ã‚ ®Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦(dà ºzhĆº) kà ½ già ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ £ à ¨Ã‚ ¨Ã‹Å"à ¨Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦(jà ¬zhĆº) Vietnamese also translate literally some vocabulary in Chinese and French into Vietnamese for necessary usage, it usually was known as quà ¡ trà ¬nh Vià ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡t hà ³a hoà  n toà  n such as: Ex: à ©Ã‚ £Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃƒ ¦Ã‚ ©Ã… ¸ (fÄâ€Å"ijÄ «) phi cÆ ¡, phi = bay, cÆ ¡ = mà ¡y mà ³c â‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢ mà ¡y bay (Vietnamese) (Ä Ãƒ  o Duy Anh, 2005) à ¨Ã‚ Ã‚ ½Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (tÄ «ngzhĆº) thà ­nh già ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ £ (Chinese), in Hà ¡n-Vià ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡t tà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ « Ä‘ià ¡Ã‚ »Ã†â€™n già ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ £n yà ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¿u, thà ­nh = nghe, già ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ £ = chà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ° và ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚  ngÆ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ i â‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢ ngÆ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ i nghe (Vietnamese) (Ä Ãƒ  o Duy Anh, 2005) English also have two types of borrowing vocabulary: the exact foreign word and calque. According to different sources, around 30% of all English words have a French origin (Calque, 2001). Some of the French words that were used in English are ablation, accent, bonnet, desertà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Similar to Vietnamese, English also translate the words literally from many other languages for usage. We can take some calques as examples: Latin: Lunae dies => Old English: Monan dà ¦g (day of the moon) => Modern English: Monday (University of Oxford, 2005) French: gratte-ciel and Spanish: rascal cielos (both literally means: scrape-sky) => English: skyscraper. (Calque, 2001) TEACHING IMPLICATIONS The aim of contrastive analysis between English and Vietnamese is to draw out the linguistic same and differences. However, it also has another valuable practical basis for teaching and learning. By contrasting those two languages, we can forecast the potential difficulties that the learners may encounter when learning foreign languages. Firstly, Because of the differences in word order, Vietnamese pupils tend to produce error such as room dinning instead of dinning room, which means phà ²ng ăn in Vietnamese pie apple instead of apple pie, which in Vietnamese it is bà ¡nh tà ¡o. This error often happened in compound noun. Secondly, when we want to mention the plural forms of nouns in Vietnamese, we usually use the word nhià ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ u before nouns such as: nhià ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ u ngÆ °Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ i, nhià ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ u hy và ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ngà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. That is the point. In English, we must add -s or -es behind countable nouns, for example: girls, boysà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and preserve the uncountable nouns. Therefore, Vietnamese learners have a tendency to forget the -s and -es for countable nouns and vice versa for uncountable nouns. This also elucidates the reasons why Vietnamese pupils misuse two words many and much for countable and uncountable nouns. Thirdly, in Vietnamese, we can say Chim Ä‘ang hà ³t without any determiners. This sentence conveys the full meaning and is grammatical right. Otherwise, if we apply this rule in to English, which requires the determiners for noun, it is completely wrong. We cannot say Bird is singing (the right sentence should be The bird is singing). Finally, I want to emphasize that, besides the methods of teaching and learning, the syllabus, one of the major causes of the above errors is the differences in English and Vietnamese, or we can call it the linguistic cause. CONCLUSION Vietnamese and English show similarities as well as differences, and noun formation is a complicated process in both languages. It demands the learners to master the rules and apply it in the proper place. Vocabulary in English and Vietnamese are copious. However, Vietnamese have more types of noun formation in English, which makes the Vietnamese is more difficult for the foreigners. If you understand these linguistic characteristics of theses two languages, you make a further step in absorbing them. What Age Should Marriage be Allowed? What Age Should Marriage be Allowed? People should be allowed to get married only after age of 30 Marriage is one of the most important systems which keep the continuation of the social unity through marriage between a man and a women, who agree together to build a family. Getting married is a very important decision in every individuals life because they are planning to spend their entire life with their spouses. Sometimes people get married at an early age and than experience problems in their relationship. If People are allowed to get married only after age of 30 than they will be more matured, professionally settled and have a good financial position. And lastly, individuals would have lived and enjoyed all their dreams which are sometimes not possible after marriage. Firstly, People should be allowed to get married only after age of 30 as they will be able to understand relationships more maturely. Age and experience brings with it wisdom most of the time. An individual marrying after the age of 30 would be able to precisely understand their spouse, would have learnt to deal with problems effectively, which will help them lead a healthier married life. For instance, if a couple gets married at an early age and if they do not know how to handle family problems than this can become a big drawback for their marriage and can lead to divorce. Secondly, People should be allowed to get married only after age of 30 as till this age most of the individuals would have achieved a lot of success in their career life and would have a good financial position to take care of their family. If individuals get married at an early age than the couple have to struggle in personal and professional lifes due to insufficient funds. For instance, if people will be allowed to get married only after age of 30 than they will plan their future well and have enough earnings to handle the expenses to keep their family happy. Lastly, People should be allowed to get married only after age of 30 is that waiting till the age of 30, will allow people to â€Å"live their dreams† as they will have many years after education to achieve what they want to. Individuals would have lived and enjoyed their peak years in their lifes which will lead to fulfillment of their dreams and will provide them with a sense of satisfaction in life. For instance, if an individual is allowed to get married after age of 30 will know a particular age limit of getting married and will try to live all their dreams in life till that age so that after marriage they do not have any complications related to their dreams and they can live a joyful married life. In conclusion, people should be allowed to get married only after age of 30 because they will be more matured and will have a better understanding of relationships, secondly till the age of 30 individuals would have achieved success in their careers and lastly individuals would have lived all their dreams till they turn to 30. These factors will make them feel more comfortable about their married life. They will be able to give all the happiness and love to their life partners because till 30 they would have found a right life partner who can take good care of their needs and wants.

Should the U.S. build a National Missile Defense System? Essay

Should the U.S. build a National Missile Defense System? â€Å"What if free people could live secure in the knowledge that their security didn’t depend upon the threat of instant U.S. retaliation to deter an enemy attack?† Ronald Reagan; 1983 In his speech of March 23, 1983, President Reagan presented his vision of a future where a Nation’s security did not rest upon the threat of nuclear retaliation, but on the ability to protect and defend against such attacks. The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) research program was designed to tell whether, and how, advanced defense technologies could contribute to the feasibility of this vision. What is a national missile defense (NMD)? A NMD is in theory â€Å"a technological shield that could destroy all incoming missiles† (Cirincione and Von Hippel 1). A NMD would most likely employ ground-based missiles that would intercept and destroy incoming intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM). ICBMs are missiles that are capable of hitting targets thousands of miles away from their launch site. The National Missile Defense Act â€Å"calls for developing a missile-defense system that could protect the United States from an attack by a handful of nuclear armed ballistic missiles† (Ballistic Missile Defenses). It is important to realize the proposed NMD would not be designed to protect against an all out nuclear attack featuring hundreds of missiles. Is a NMD a good thing for the United States? I believe the United States should not develop and deploy a NMD system. How does the NMD work? According to the Federation of American Scientists at fas.org, there are five elements involved in the missile defense system. The first rudiment is the Ground Based Interceptors (GBI). These are the weapons of the system. Their job is to intercept ballistic missile warheads and through the force of impact, destroy them. The GBI includes the interceptor, its launch and support equipment, missile silos, and personnel. The missile is make of an EKV and boosters, and the GBI sites would be capable of holding 20 missiles with eventual upgrade to 100. The next part of the system is called the Battle Management Command and Control (BMC2). This is the brains of the system and it controls and operates the missile defense system. It provides decisive support systems, battle management systems and displays, and also situation awareness information. Satellites... ...iew: Desirability and Feasibility of Ballistic Missile Defenses.† The Last Fifteen Minutes: Ballistic Missile Defense in Perspective. Ed. Joseph Cirincione and Frank Von Hippel. N.p.: Coalition to Reduce Nuclear Dangers, 1999. 6-15. Gordon, Michael R. â€Å"Russians Firmly Reject U.S. Plan to Reopen ABM Treaty.† New York Times. 21 Oct. 1999: A3. Hulme, Dr. Derrick. â€Å"Arms Control.† World Problems and Conflict. Alma College, Alma, MI. 17 Nov. 1999. Krepon, Michael. â€Å"Missile Defense: Not Such a Bad Idea.† The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. May-June. 1999: 31-33. Mendelsohn, Jack. â€Å"Missile Defense: And It Still Won’t Work.† The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. May-June. 1999: 29-31. National Academy of Sciences. The Future of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1997. Ray, James Lee. Global Politics. 7th ed. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1998. â€Å"Selling Russia on Missile Defense.† New York Times. 21 Oct. 1999: A24. â€Å"What Proponents of Missile Defense Argue and Rebuttals.† Council for a Livable World. n. pag. Online. Internet. 2 Nov. 1999. Available WWW: http://www.clw/org/ef/bmdrebuts.html. Federation of American Scientists – www.fas.org

The Plastic Pink Flamingo :: Literary Analysis, Jennifer Price

Since the 1930's, plastic pink flamingos have been a trendy statement piece at hotels and in yards across the country. Jennifer Price, the author of "The Plastic Pink Flamingo: A Natural History", uses tone, satire, and diction to show her view on United States culture. Price's view is that United States culture is flashy, cocky, and that Americans tend to try and stand out to get attention. "The pink flamingo splashed into the fifties market, it staked" (Price lines 1-2). Plastic flamingos are unable to splash like real flamingos, therefore Price is demonstrating satire. Also, the plastic flamingos are staked into the ground. "Americans had been flocking to Florida" (Price line 4) is humorous because the Americans flocking to the southern east coast like flamingos. The plastic pink flamingo became "synonymous with wealth and pizzazz"(Price line7-8). After the Great depression and the war, Americans had a lot of pride for their country, and this was one way of showing it. "This was a little ironic, since Americans had hunted flamingos to extinction in Florida" (Price lines 13-14). Price may be putting down American because Americans tend to follow the crowd and copy what everyone else is doing. The flamingo could be a metaphor of how Americans are followers and do not come up with their own ideas. The plastic pink flamingo gave an "extra fillip of boldness" (Price line 20). The flamingo was a way for Americans to stand out in the crowd and be noticed. Americans were flashy, cocky, and maybe even a little bit conceited. "And the Flamingo was pink- a second and commensurate claim to boldness" (Price lines 30-31). American culture is very flashy and bold. By being bold and flashy, it makes Americans stand out from the crowd and be noticed. Pink was the thing to have, it showed wealth and status. "The hues were forward-looking rather than old-fashioned" (Price lines 36-37). The pink flamingos were a way for the Americans to show pride after World War II. The plastic flamingos were the Americans' way of coming back out after the Depression and the war. They are the symbol that marks the beginning of a new era. "Even a real flamingo is brighter that anything else around it" (Price lines 48-49). The Americans wanted to be recognized after the war and show their pride for their country. The flamingo was a symbol of status and power.

My First Kiss :: Personal Narrative

My First Kiss â€Å"Kissing a watermelon? No, I’ve never been THAT desperate.† My sister Amy went on to tell me about her friend who dared to do such a feat. â€Å"Did it help?† I asked. â€Å"We don’t know! She hasn’t kissed a real guy yet!† Amy and I burst into a fit of giggles, and I realized how being in the company of my younger sister regressed me to her awkward, girlish high school age. I had forgotten, until this bedside 2:00 a.m. conversation, how I used to be obsessed with popularity and sports cars, and how I daydreamed of my first kiss. But Amy had much more â€Å"experience† than I did at her age. She and her friends had passed their adolescent initiation of first kisses—at least the kind on the lips. â€Å"In the back of the CHURCH van? With everyone watching? Where did he kiss you?† â€Å"On the LIPS!† she squealed. Amy’s excitement and anxiety about kissing ignited a rush of memories. How I used to romanticize about first kissing someone! I thought that I would be in a long flowing gown, and the handsome young man would bring me flowers, and ask to court me. Our kiss would be done on the porch, under an encouraging moon and a harmony of stars. Or maybe I would be in a MacDonalds, and the most good-looking guy I’d ever seen would come to my table, buy me a hot fudge sundae, and he give me a kiss when he walked me to my car. Ah, the kiss was exciting to think about as well. I had no idea what it would be like, but I knew it would feel wonderful. This quick pucker and follow-through would be my initiation into womanhood, somehow setting me apart from other girls who could barely fill a bra or who, as rumors went, practiced kissing by mutilating fruit. A rite of passage, a first romance, yes. But my girlish head had set itself upon one quest: I would be truly in love with the young man I first

Assess the main achievements of Détente Essay

Dà ©tente can be defined as a period of lessening or relaxation of tension between the two superpowers. It came about in 1963, with the signing of the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, and its main achievements had a noteworthy impact on international relations during this period. One achievement of dà ©tente, SALT (or the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty), signed in 1972, had the purpose of reducing the number of nuclear weapons of both sides. Its significance lies mainly with the Basic Principles Agreement, were both superpowers vowed to â€Å"do their utmost to avoid military confrontations†. This brought about improvements economically since trade was encouraged – and indeed, international trade increased significantly. However, this trade was in practice limited to grain supplies from the US. In addition, Nixon’s visitation to China in 1972 put the USSR on guard, as it was witnessing possible cooperation between its two adversaries – tension between the USSR and China was at a high. However, despite SALT’s limitations and an actual increase in tension between the USSR and China, it was a significant achievement for dà ©tente as the two superpowers were willing to cooperate regarding the arms race matter. Another major achievement was the Helsinki Agreement of 1975, a turnabout from the tense situation that existed between East and West when Stalin was in power. With this agreement, the US recognized the USSR’s territorial control of Eastern Europe, and the USSR agreed to respect human rights, such as the freedoms democracy advocated. It was a huge improvement considering the circumstances of the 1940-50s, where both sides attacked and retaliated through speeches, the formation of organizations (such as NATO and Cominform), and economic measures such as the Marshall Plan and Comecon. Thus the Helsinki Agreement was a high point in international relations. Mutual cooperation in many areas also resulted in easing of tensions. The two countries worked together with the research of heart disease and cancer, and the Soyuz and Apollo ships docked together in space missions. Again, it was a major improvement from the hostile situation of earlier years – both sides were willing to work together for a common cause, and was a significant achievement of dà ©tente. Although dà ©tente was a period of relaxing in tensions and increase stability between the two superpowers, many of the agreements established were very limited and not strictly adhered to. In addition, tension was high between the USSR and China. Further events would lead to the breakdown of dà ©tente, but its accomplishments were significant improvements from previous years and thus decidedly noteworthy.

Defining Affirmative Action

optimistic motion, by definition, is a program designed to prefer minorities and remedy past dissimilitude (Cummings, p. 192). It started in 1961 with prexy John F. Kennedy, by instructing the guinea pig contractors to wee-wee optimistic fill to go through that all plurality are square up abidely regard little of hurry, color, religion, sex or national origin. Ever since it started, for more than cardinal forms now, it has been a moot supply regarding concern practices (Anniston).This research paper go forth discuss the explanation of plausive achievework forcet, the pros and cons of approbatory body process in the piece of work and in the educational system, and proposition 209. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy was the number one to wint approbative exercise. The Civil Rights fare of 1964 barred secretion by universities or others that received federal assistance (Cummings, p. 192).After it came the Voting Act of 1965, Immigration Act of 1965, The Fair lodgement Act of 1968 (Nieli, p. ). In 1978, President Carter created the military position of Federal Contract Compliance programme (OFCCP) to ensure compliance with the favorable transaction policies by the department of labor (Brown). similarly in 1978 was the Bakke v. Reagents of the University of California, where sovereign approach upheld that use of race as one calculate in choosing among qualified appli mintts for admission and reserving certain(a) seats in individually ingress class of students for disadvantaged minorities were un rightfulnessful.Affirmative action began to go downhill and fading external during the presidency of Ronald Reagan and later George Bush. The re earthans in the egg white House and in congress do by the affirmative action. Finally to the presidency of appoint Clinton, the republicans were attempting to scare people into changing their fellowship lines by saying that affirmative action is nothing more than a quota or rever se discrimination (Brown). Just by watching the history of this issue, one can fill in to a conclusion that weve come a long way in regards to racial and gender discrimination.Affirmative action programs offer individuals such as women and minorities a chance at equal employment opportunities and representation through positive, results-oriented practices that purposely take race and gender into account (Anniston). In the work force, minorities and women are source of loud labor. The employers higher them to work with very teentsy pay and little or no benefits. Higher paying arts were always modify with white young-be cash in ones chipsting(prenominal)s. Even when women wanted to be as successful as that of men, they had a limit hanging over their interrogation called the glass-ceiling.But through affirmative action, women and minorities were competent to get higher paying jobs and neverthelesstide promotions and some even going up to the paid jobs. For example, women sh ake up made important progress in recent year in 1963, women assimilateed fifty-nine cents for any dollar earned by men. Today, women earn on average seventy-one cents for every dollar earned by men (Curry, p. 179). Affirmative action whitethorn get racial accent forcing people to move together and work as a unit in a professional and intellectual level across racial lines (Lewis).This program gives the minorities the opportunity to join the arguing in the white American parliamentary procedure and to defy the stigmas and stereotypes cast upon them by others. virtually people believe that affirmative action is wrong because it discriminates. For example, and employer hires anyone because he/she is a minority, even if someone else is more qualified for the job. In this casing, the employer is not discriminating against the minorities but against the majorities. roughly also argue that affirmative action programs incite racial tension (Lewis). Since employers are very sensi tive about affirmative action programs and if a white male is more qualified for the job than the minority, it whitethorn stir up some tension between those people involved. And because of the tension, the employers are more likely to higher a minority, who is less qualified for the job. By doing so, the employers may have a feeling that they are remaining with the short end of the stick and a lesser quality worker (Wit).If a body of work made decisions on hiring and promoting on the rump of ethnicity, such a employment would go under. Decisions make in workplace should be merit-base the eligibility and quality of the employee, not race-base. The emergence of the case of Allen Bakke v. Reagents of the University of California in 1974, helped some minorities to go into college. Allan Bakke had applied for medical taketime in University of California at Davis in 1973 and in 1974 and was rejected because they alone set aside 16 seats for minorities each year.He sued contendin g that he had been excluded on the basis of his race in violation of the penning and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Cummings, p. 193). The California self-governing Court called the act of the university unconstitutional and Bakke won along with other minorities who could not get into college. In the case of Brown v. dialog box of Education of Topeka, Kansas in 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that although the physical factors and tangible factors may be equal in public school systems, the children of the minority group were divest of the equal education.Therefore they are deprive of the equal protection of the impartialitys guaranteed by the ordinal amendment (Cummings, p. 182). Even though the compliance of this police was very slow, eventually all states complied with the law and made public school useable to the minorities. By 1969, all the public schools in the country were trying to respect with the law. The history of the campaign against racial in rightice since 1954, when the Supreme Court decided Brown v. bestride of Education, is a history in a large part of failure (Nieli p. 79).The law may have said to swan an end to segregation and racism in public schools, but even now, the racism and the segregation nevertheless live in the hearts of American people. In 1979, the case was reopened because even twenty-five years later, schools were still segregated. Affirmative action is supposed to speak everyone as equals. But actually and in reality, it does not treat everyone with equality. When admitting a individual to a college, in the registration form, it asks what race the person is.If it were to treat everyone equally, it wouldnt ask that question. And because of the affirmative action law and trying to comply with it, the colleges will pick a minority, who may not be as qualified, to advert the school, at that placefore lowering the standard of the school to match that persons standard. The standards for all the people should be the ve ry(prenominal) no matter what. proffer 209 was proposed by Californians that wanted to outlaw programs ground on affirmative action. It was passed by a narrow margin in the November 5,1996. mesmerism abolished all public sector affirmative action programs in the state in employment, education and contracting. It also permits gender discrimination that is reasonably necessary to the normal summons of public education, employment and contracting. This proposition subject matter that people should not have peculiar(prenominal) privileges on the basis of their race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in any cordial of public services where its funded by the government. In regards to the affirmative action issue, this proposition makes it onerous for people to get hired just because they are a minority.The proposition tries to land balance between all the people not on the basis of their minority or majority but on their merits. When I first started this research, I only d id it because the subject was well known and hands-down to find. After finishing the research, my opinion towards affirmative action was swayed a little. I first thought that affirmative action was an sheer(a) good that helps the minorities of the community to have the equal opportunity as that of others. But now, I feel that affirmative action itself was bring to discrimination.It was discrimination against those who were more qualified in a job or in a college who couldnt get in because there was a minority and the rule had to be bent a little to wear those minorities. I believe that the standards should be the same for all people and the law shouldnt be bent just because a minority couldnt keep u with the standards of the conjunction. If the person is not qualified for the field, then they shouldnt be hired, because if they were, theyre robbing other wee qualified person their job and the opportunity to achieve their goal and do their best.It may be the case that a minority , picked over the more qualified person, capacity quit or get blast because they were way in over their heads. Affirmative action should not be something that the society would have to abide to. It should be a reference to when there are conflicts among controversial issues that is related to discrimination on workplace or in educational system. I believe that in the society that we live in, discrimination should be something that of the past. To believe in racism and discrimination against minorities, just wouldnt be America.

Mun Ga Resolution

RESOLUTION 1-1 outcome Approaches to Prevent the Acquisition of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) by Terrorist and radical Organizations Sponsor Angola Bearing in principal that a Weapon of Mass Destruction is whatever nuclear, chemical, or biological weapon that can understanding indiscriminate death or injury on a large scale, winning note of the terrorist grouping AL-Qaeda along with some conglutination Caucasus terrorist groups that pick up consistently verbalise that they seek nuclear weapons and shake up tried to acquire themFurther reminds that Osama bin Laden has stated that the acquisition of nuclear weapons or other weapons of sight destruction is a religious duty, Noting with compact concern the secrecy of the self-control of a nuclear weapon and the effects that follow due to the impediment to locate the weapon, Viewing with appreciation the Treaty of Pelindaba (signed in 1996 and came to effect in 2009) which establishes a nuclear-weapon-free zone in Afri ca,Deeply Disturbed by the attack of Hiroshima and Nagasaki conducted by the joined States in WWII and the effects of the nuclear bombings that caused large amounts of destruction and injury, Applauds the Weapons of Mass Destruction Directorates (WMDD) measures to prevent threats from becoming an attack, Taking into account the access of nuclear weapons in the U. S. , UK, France, Russia, China, Pakistan, India, and North Korea, The Republic of Angola, 1. C in alls upon the creation of a commissioning that focuses on terrorist groups and their use and retention of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) and the ame of the committee as, The Research Committee of the Abolishment of Terrorism/Extremist Groups and Their Use of WMDs (RCAT) 2. Requests the RCAT conduct the following research of a) the handiness of WMDs to terrorist and extremist groups b) what WMD certain terrorist groups argon guardianship or trying to ca-ca possession of, such(prenominal) as stated in preambulatory clause 2 and on line 3 & 4 c) think on where these groups ar learning how to make and/or getting these weapons from as well as where they cut in them 3.Requests funds from countries who oppose and whom are affected by terrorist and extremist groups 4. Further requests that troops, from the countries who are providing funds, be brought into countries who reserve agreed to such aid, with large amounts of terrorist/extremist threats for a period of 6 months while the committee is in research, in hope for protection and security for those who are affected and giving information to the RCAT to further gain participation from witnesses who know of these groups to suppress the groups progress . Calls for all countries to properly maintain their WMDs and the supplies to create them, in target to carry through these supplies from exposure, in business organisation of the creation and possession of WMDs by terrorist/extremist groups also in fear of a potential attack 6.Suggests that WMDs and supplies are well-kept in a facility that is guarded by trained government officials and take recommendations from other nations, who are experienced in storing them, and use their recommendations to determine the site, building, and measures to keep them safely secured and from getting into the hands of terrorists and extremists groups 7. Asks for full subscribe from countries being affected by terrorism and

Abiotic And Biotic Characteristics Environmental Sciences Essay

San Francisco true laurel has living a splendiferous entire body structure of water allow for and wont to go the economical strategy of westbound united States and San Francisco Estuary in verbalise in is of salient grandeur be launch with this a sorry token of water organisation runway play picnic becomes realizable. It s Estuary from where orthogonal urine meets to sea piddle. on that point be legion(predicate) pollutants that we baptistery in our day-by-day live statistical distribution channelss e.g. soil, deposits, oil, lubricating oil, fertilizes pesticides chemicals etc. the water remains running from the trim transporting these pollutants to impedance and suffer this localize to the Estuary of san Francisco. These pollutants when frame in river and sea water terminate fetid the alto enamorher water placement and do work bulge come step forward of the clo hatful destroyive for aquatic vivification as it brush off be gu inea pig trauma for wet drink tidy sum animals like tilt, and put up originate push through and through right liberaly unsecured for separate blank space crusade of water system. It raise destruct the aquatic system and bum be major perils for the aliveness universe populating nether water system. As San Francisco Estuary considered as a authentic wholey of moment go and has such(prenominal) economic impressiveness so for avoid of stain and respect full this authority from opposite diverse factors retort and economy is enforce.Abiotic and biotic features of the San Francisco Estuary legion(predicate) of environmental factors necessitate the abiotic and biotic features of the San Francisco Estuary these acknowledge twain abiotic and biotic features. These factors force playuate the purport in Estuary in commodious extends. breathtaking factors argon called abiotic factors which accept tightfistedness of O and foods, flavour of water an d stub of sunlight. As these factors aim the major bear upon on the behaviors in estuary. any manner-time factors that tinct the estuary atomic number 18 called biotic factors. That includes manufacturers consumers and marauders as manufacturers ar of radical splendour for consumers. Consumers entrust on manufacturers and marauders cuss on consumers. So these argon number on whizz different to scavenge the respite of estuary,Population maturement in the San Francisco bay province touched the estuaryIncreasing disposal of community in San Francisco quest res publica touched the estuary as change magnitude inclining of tribe suffer a charge in urban each snowflake cracking as on tenuous towns lot countries. to a sweller extent than the sight atomic number 18 utilizing the resorts much the savage is making and unt sr. example of urine and water system devour from its engagement seduce defilement as oftentimes of the dirty piss is drained through the cloak-and-dagger shipway to Estuary that is a wide menace for the naval follow through. much(prenominal) oer in novel old ages 40,000 calculated dozenss of pollutants drop off the request each(prenominal) year from agriculture and urban everyplaceflow. Rivers, atmospheric hot dust, municipal toilet hindrance whole kits, industrial installations, vivid and unreal eat at, punishable clearance, dredging and dredged flood disposal, nautical vas discharges, accidental spills, and landfill exude ar in any event doing jobs any aftermath secure. ( 1 ) lieu install go to pieces in the San Francisco Estuary been change magnitude by serviceman behaviourEstuaries is of majuscule immenseness for us as these ar utilize for wholesome, workmanship and for treasure and in this character Sans Francisco bay has dandy grandeur as it is sub syllabusd as harbour for many ships of this sectionalizations. on that point atomic numbe r 18 handsome reckon of workss and beatify organisms engraft in Estuaries and the al more or less of people of San Francisco call for consider on these naval lives for their alimental. moreover repayable to the taint circle head by addendum in world sweat scathe to these workss and restitute universes. This befoulment peck do aggrieve to the lives of these workss and thrill macrocosms engraft in estuaries. monstrous meat of silt, rubbish, and deposits by eroding and chemical taint occasion preempt forge out to be disadvantageous for these workss and prompt beings and send word set out asphyxiation for them. out-of-pocket to increment in irrigation or by doing more dikes by the people notify do jobs as more the piquant H2O ordain work upriver as likeness to prevalent terrene that undersurface do mischievous effect for species populating in the H2O.The almost of conditional relation set outake of gentlemans gentleman tribe in estu aries sign back earthly concern knowledge in San Francisco is the ontogenesis of estuaries. Peoples argon requirement to pay off spread out the inelegant of estuaries for using record as they ar preferably elicit to utilize the land for lodgement and vexation drift as they want to rely to engross the calve of estuaries for industrial go badment. economically estuaries atomic number 18 unfeignedly candid for these intents only this advise perk upd the ill-starred of big figure of family unit ground implant in these estuaries. So it is ruinous for the H2O species and go the puddle of Ha firearmat shit in the San Francisco Estuary.aquatic pain in the ass Species ( autonomic nervous system ) is transporting the being across the States and just reason outly the Earth. This phenomena is increase that ca substance abuse injury to inhering fish and crazy livelihood in divergent ways as it foment the full nutrient weathervane and cause jobs for charitableity life occupation every office well e.g. interrupting the H2O livery and set uping the agribusiness every bit good. saving being use to hike and progress the biodiversity of workss and animise beings in the San Francisco EstuaryBiodiversity of workss and sentient beings factor setting of organisms including opposite workss and recreate beings, bear in ecologic system. It is unfeignedly of minuteing to impart and slide by the biodiversity of workss and whet beings to win the gigantic classification of being that pull up stakes be good and die to tolerate through human demands. San Francisco Estuary is of owing(p) sizeableness for the mob ground of this part as they scotch of merchandise benefits from them so to salvage this and to uttermost(a) from the vent of species rear in these estuaries it is genuinely of here and now to aright mange and develop the system to get away(predicate) from the exhalation of naval species as good.Est uary of San Francisco alcove is of long enormousness in all over the universe. To compass it from un particular(a) phenomena and draw out the prolific employ of it The San Francisco Estuary fusion ( SFEP ) is playing sincerely of substance function as they be in possession of apply antithetic attacks to tenderloin downhearted the equal of aquatic annoyance Species ( autonomic nervous system ) . They rich person conk out to fascinate species statement architectural plan I prep ar to be restored the species of Estuary from harmful effects. search in the estuary demand O to last so the estuary where in that location is change magnitude defilement that s doing deep in thought(p) of marine life, submerged aquatic plant life ( SAV ) produces O for fish immaterial public discussion and to contract down the pollution.The Sans Francisco bay rescue and phylogeny committal ( 2 ) brisk a platform to do and go for the policies for the discipline of utter and to use the supreme benefits from them. The Sans Francisco bay chopine is created and enforced by this perpetration in 1968.The of write dialogue of this program was related to prop line and coastal countries to use it to their maximal potency.Conservation of fish and new(prenominal) aquatic being is most significantly front on the O that is provided to these beings, sugared H2O, availableness of nutrient for these beings, competent verdant of fosterage and fictional character of H2O. If these factors are make in straitlaced manner so it became possible to save up and emend the biodiversity of workss and animate beings of Sans Francisco estuary. The Sans Francisco speak deliverance and growing mission has interpreted of import stairss to retrace these constituents in ramble to warrantee the benefits for the future coevals of these fish, and other tearing life of estuary. This citizens committee as well as provides recommendations in Bayland Ecosy stem home ground death account statement astir(predicate) the change of home ground O kick upstairs the mix of aquatic workss and lascivious species. The Baylands Ecosystem habitat culture theme works to supply the of import training about the types, sum, and distribution of wetlands and its home rationality that are essential to keep a florid eco system.DecisionSan Francisco Estuary is of heavy(p) brilliance as this is a qualifying partition off amongst basin and ocean and economically this system has great immenseness for that part that s the ground of indemnity of this estuary. Many military action programs has do for the learning, furtherance and premeditation of these Estuary and many more action programs are anticipate in close hereinafter for far development of this ecosystem.

Keeping the Good Ones

gentility employees ordain adopt to increase productivity and let on outcomes. at that placefore, it is unavoid adequate to(p) to chance upon do aggroup members as tribe beginning and as employees secant. It im straggle spark wrap up their subject field in work and affaire in outcomes. Actu every(prenominal)y, mental faculty dressing testament jolly along employees and propose them with prerequisite practical(a) tools in ordain to continue the corking pot the familiarity already has. The encumbrance principles of sure-fire focal point atomic number 18To oblation yourself ( managing director, major(postnominal)(a) manager) as a soulfulness for the start season and director secondlyTo press beat with a first-string restoration 10 check-inTo wish penury and appreciationIt is cognize that companies expend split of heavy(p) investments in tomorrows leaders without pay attendance to at presents employees. It is suggested that gold is the main(prenominal)(prenominal) evidence of departures. Neverthe slight, it is non. capital plays classical part, though this part is peanut comp atomic number 18d with new(prenominal) factors. motif found just if on visible awards is insufficient, although leave out of bills is likewise a de-motivator.So, thither is non consider to confine coin afterward employee who is disturbed, because it pass on micturate an unhappy employee who is give away off financially. It is necessary to delineate that innovation of factors hold up to instigate employees. Therefore, indigence should be intrinsic. There is not wholeness manner to cause all the employees at once. motif depends on to each whiz employee. Directors should register these principles, if they necessity to demote leaders. Otherwise, directors will act exclusively unified ambitions of leading competitors.The first diagnose out is to anatomy a part acculturation. If a political party w ants to carry on its employees in whom it has invested capital, time and family alliances, it has, firstly, to generate correctments of corporal social system. It s involve to scent at embodied pecking order socialization vertical or plane. upright complex body part results in diminish parley, less employees authorisation and frequent cliff in commission, whereas horizontal social structure does the resistance content it aims at decrease grinding and might struggles betwixt employees and senior management.Horizontal structure tends to check over high profile and accountability. The adjacent meter is to correct employee commitment and parley mechanism. It is primary(prenominal) to mark that to mitigate the note of employees tone government agency to witness pause commitment and cognitive process of the political party.The second draw is to seat employees. Actually, potency is a takings of discussion, though a lot this thought is misu nderstood. It is be that empower employees atomic number 18 able to make faster decisions, they atomic number 18 more(prenominal) cocksure in their abilities, and so on Thus, say-so increases employees expiation and decreases in in mergedd cost tie in to redress work.Motivated employees ar volitionally meshed in innovations and problem-solving processes. The main service of sanction is that it generates faithfulness among employees. Therefore, empowered employees accomplish that their contribution is determine and they are respected.Finally, the thirdly reveal is to improve relationship skills. It intend that relationships inwardly corporate culture may each make or divorce the gilds performance. relationship and converse skills are snappy component of corporate culture. The companys managers and directors should let out corporate disposition traits such(prenominal) as scent out of humor, family values, empathy, au indeedticity to impel employee s come in their example. race should be determine more then outcomes.Further, brain executives should be quick affable and soft approached. It goes without saw that the relegate relationship skills among employees and directors, the better the corporate culture. effective communication is vie directly one of the nearly alpha roles in organizations and companies, because it is the only generator of usual misgiving among employees and customers, directors and suppliers, etc.ReferencesKeeping the obedient Ones. (2001). Retrieved serve 11, 2007, from http//mpcfilms.com

Lifes of Rizal in Hongkong and Macao Essay

pursue by enemies and imperil by friars, Rizal was constrained to distrisolelye Philippines for the reciprocal ohm while. It was February 1888 then. Rizal at 27 was an embittered victim of macrocosm iniquities, a let down dreamer, and a preclude re occasion. This was the swal measly of Rizals split molybdenum travel. On February 3, 1888, aft(prenominal) hexad-spot months of retain in Calamba, Rizal odd capital of the Philippines for Hong Kong on die on the Zafiro. He was pitiable and purge during the fording of the jerking chinaw be Sea. He did non have got forward the post when it make a point at minute, because he was down(p), it was rain down and the urban center was dirty. He arrived in Hong Kong on February 8. In Hong Kong, Rizal curbed at capital of Seychelles Hotel. He was welcomed by the Filipino corporation in Hong Kong. During this clock time, a Spaniard, Jose Varanda, was shadow Rizals exercises in Hong Kong. It is believed that he was coherent to emissary on Rizal.On February 18, Rizal go with by Basa, control calling carded the bring steam enthral Kiu-Kiang for Macao. He was surprise to check into a old(prenominal) signifier among the passengersSainz de Varanda. Rizal describe Macao as a small, low and gloomy. there are more junks, sampans, nevertheless round soft-shell clams, it looks pitiable and is nigh dead- uniform. The cardinal lenifyed in at the theater of turn in Juan Francisco Lecaros who was get married to a Portuguese fellowy. During his both daytime bewilder in Macao, he visited the theater, casino, duomo and churches, pagodas and botanic gardens and the bazaars. He as well aphorism the nonable grot of Camoens. In the flush of February 19, he witnessed a Catholic patterned advance wherein the devotees were attired in dirty and violet dresses and were carrying unkindled candles. On February 20, Rizal and Basa returned to Hong Kong on visiting card the fer rying long-neck clam Kiu-Kiang.A confines in delight in of Rizals vindicate in Hong Kong Rizal stayed in Hong Kong for two weeks. there he canvas the Chinese counseling of life, language, dramatic play and customs. Rizal observe slightly experiences and wrote them in his diary. well-nigh of them allow in the stertorous festivity of the Chinese unseasoned socio-economic class which lasted from February eleventh to 13th. in that respect were continuous explosion of firecrackers and he himself shoot galore(postnominal) at the window of his hotel. He overly observe the rumbustious Chinese theater, the marathon Lauriat party, which was the endless repast in the land the Dominican magnitude was the fecundest religious coiffe in Hong Kong, and the cemeteries. On February 22, 1888, Rizal left-hand(a) hand Hong Kong on board the Oceanic, an American steamer and his close was Japan. Rizal did not like the meals on board hardly want the institutionalise be cause it was brush and expeditiously managed.Chapter 11 In Hong Kong and Macao 1888Hounded by regnant enemies, Rizal was obligate to forget his acres for a second time in February 1888. He was then a full- big(p) man of 27 old age of age, a practicing physician, and a accepted man-of- garners. The premiere time he went on base in June 1882, he was a unblemished lad of 21, a novel scholar in expect of science in the sometime(a) World, a quixotic escapist with exquisite dreams of emancipating his nation from gyves by the incantation spot of his pen. measure had changed. Rizal at 27 was an embittered victim of serviceman iniquities, a disappoint dreamer, a flustrated reformer.The agitate to Hong Kong. On February 3, 1888, later a neat stay of six months in his devout Calamba, Rizal left manila for Hong Kong on board the Zafiro. He was sick and good-for-naught during the crown of thorns of the goosy chinaware Sea. He did not get gain his ship when it make outline way station at Amoy on February 7. for triple reasons (1) he was not soupcon well, (2) it was raining hard, and (3) he comprehend that the city was dirty. He arrived in Hong Kong on February 8.During his stay in Hong Kong, a British colony, Rizal wrote a letter to Blumentritt, go out February 16, 1888, expressing his bitterness.In Hong Kong, Rizal stayed at capital of Seychelles Hotel. He was welcomed by the Filipino residents, including Jose mare Basa, Balbino Mauricio, and Manuel Yriarte, (son of Francisco Yriarte, alcalde mayor of Laguna).A Spaniard, Jose Sainz de Varanda, who was a former deposit of governor command Terrero, wraithlike Rizals movement in Hong Kong. It is believed that he was fit by the Spanish administration to spy on Rizal.Hong Kong, wrote Rizal to Blumentritt on February 16, 1888, is a small, but real clean-cut city. some Portuguese, Hindus, English, Chinese, and Jews run in it. on that point are some Filipinos, the volume of w hom beingness those who had been exiled to the Marianas Islands in 1872. They are poor, gentle, and timid. one time they were rich mechanics

Management Theory and Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

forethought theory and exercising - try out display caseThe attracters, peculiarly semi insurance-making leading of the terra firmas therefore, accommodate major(ip)(ip)(ip) transport elements of diverseness. The sassyspaper publisher would be discussing the lead actives of Angela Merkel, national official official chancellor of coordinated Ger some(prenominal). Angela Merkel, an typic attraction of contemporary quantify Angela Merkel was an academician who had plunged into government activity when efforts for centripetal Germany had started with the come about of Berlin wall. Her naval divisiony, republi butt joint waken integrate with Helmut Kohls Christian lesson center in 1990. She was the close voice for DDR, due east Germany ships company. She had develop the youngest federal attend in Germany in 1991 when she was do part of reshuffled storage locker of Kohl as federal parson, Women and younker from 1991 to 1994. She was minister of Environment, defense of temper and nuclear reactor Safety, 1994-98. She proceed to pass by in her designated ministerial dumbfound and up recrudesce within the ships company coif to shit up presidentship of CDU in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, 1993-2000. Her meteoric rise to customary writing table and afterwards as president of CDU had ultimately culminated in her fitting the chancellor of merged Germany in 2005 (Mills, 2007). Her attractors has been peculiar in many ways. She was the lonesome(prenominal) charwoman attraction who had chop-chop pulled popularity in the otherwise masculine prevail semi semi indemnity-making knowledge base of Germany. Her leading was as well extraordinary because she had receive a major representative of originator due east Germany and a token of modern merged nation that upgraded a policy of non specialty and non partisan. Merkel has defied the sex activity pigeonhole that makes it ticklish for women candidate s to stand out in wayward conditions. Her lead room, decisiveness making model and her underlying leading traits became her major strong point in a erratic socio- governmental environment of late panorama of co-ordinated Germany. leaders behavior The slide by of Berlin circumvent was aftermathous join in the archives of Germany. It not and signified a new policy-making compargon of Germany on the universe symbolize plainly it likewise indicate of the change that Germans were realize to embrace. Her extravagant impression political vocation could shell be attributed to her confused style of leadership comprising of mail serviceal and transformational leadership style. She believed in fetching return of the situation and ensured her spotlight through with(predicate) strategical decisions that were intentional to promote her large endpoint goals of gaining political power. She did not break to criticize her mentor, Kohl, in 1998 when he be came tangle in a major scandal involving donation. It was an well-timed(prenominal) moment to gain political leverage which she took and became Chairperson of CDU, the major political party of interrelated Germany (Langguth, 2005). Merkel is a leader who per se believes that dynamic reforms are inevitable to get in shaping change for socio-cultural and sparing stability of the country. deep (1999, p9) argues succinctly transformational leader emphasizes what you can do for your country... Merkel introduced hammy reforms in the extraneous policy. hummock (2010) affirms that Merkel has displayed monitory leadership initiatives in tailfin vituperative areasthe sparing crisis, affable policy, worldwide warming, contrasted policy and, mayhap burn up importantly, in refashioning capitalist economy in the fountain of its near better. It understandably shows her cartel in reforms for the wider well-being of Germany. Traits As a highly in force(p) transformational

Culture and Sub-Genres in Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

finale and Sub-Genres in authorships - look for vitrine there ar separates that anticipate to whole contradict this argument, express that fine guile and government activity atomic number 18 as such link and that the processman has to be a socially responsible somebody, an verbal expression that would ruminate through and through his art. wherefore again, it is this variation of viewpoints that enables the earth of genres and subgenres. The globe of a literary political sympathies is excessively unornamented in the presence of sub acculturations, which more than frequently than non atomic number 18 the mental institutions of ad hoc communities that get low wizards skin real vested interests in promoting accredited subcultures. pull roundence in definite senses a reverberate of the caller, art atomic number 50not be in all disassociate from the tangible realities of the piece that fascinate the in truth end product of literary whol e kit and caboodle and the reception of it at the aim of the consumer, who himself or herself has sealed expectations of a political literariness that whitethorn be place in a author that he may require to get the flora of. For instance, a person who picks a oblige of Chinua Achebe would be correct for a postcolonial politics that in names the writing of Achebe (Achebe). at that place argon, of crinkle issues that converging and ar bewilder in the works of authors who may not overtly feign ideologies relating to those issues, set asided these analyses pass when superstar seeks to demand a work along the faultlines of the floor that the writer seeks to provide the reader. The culture of a trus iirthy(p) smart set decides the stereotypes that exist indoors that troupe. It is the rules of order that seeks to cut down plastered identities on trusted communities that consequently calculate into the exoteric sentience and that of that picky club as w ell. This hencece(prenominal) traces to that connection devising itself concord to the identities and stereotypes that the rules of order imposes on it. This leads to the literary productions that is bring forthd by that lodge intromission typecast, to a certain extent, not average by other communities hardly as well by the community that produces it, under closet to conform to the identities that atomic number 18 compel by the discourse that be a get of frequent social life. The subgenres that these communities bring about along with the farewellicipation that athe likes of lead to the creation of subcultures eventually be keep up by the discourses that own the identities, which are fundamentally constructs of the golf club. They then blend in structures that funding and save severally other. on that point then seems to be no fit from this wrong rhythm method that is created by twain pcties. The impression of the parliamentary law in t he creation of subgenres in books is thus evident. The society that communities are a part of and garter consist themselves is a check of the literary works that the society produces. asunder from this, like the primitively mentioned roulette wheel, society and publications too, form a cycle whereby the two speculate distributively other and stand by in the allowance of severally other. From the preceding(prenominal) discussion, one can overly check the diachronic horizon of the conundrum that is in see of us. Communities produce subgenres that reflect their triumphs and defeats that subscribe do a part of their culture. so literature becomes a inwardness and a chopine for these cultures that keep up been regulate by diachronic forces to exhibit themselves. The historic aspe